1
Board & material
Grey board weight, art paper, kraft, corrugated flute and speciality stock are the largest single line. Moving from 1,200 g to 1,500 g grey board, or from a standard liner to a white top liner, changes the unit price before anything is printed.
Largest line
2
Print & colours
Offset needs plates; digital does not. One or two Pantone colours cost less to set up than full CMYK process, and printing inside as well as outside roughly doubles the print line.
Setup + run
3
Finishing
Foil stamping, embossing, spot UV, matt or gloss lamination and die-cut windows each add a pass through a separate machine, plus tooling where a die is needed. Two finishes cost more than twice one finish.
Per pass
4
Tooling & setup
Cutting dies, foil blocks and print plates are one-off costs charged on the first order. They are reused on reorders at the same size, which is why the second run is cheaper per unit.
One-off
5
Assembly & packing
Hand assembly, insert fitting, ribbon pulls and individual poly bagging are labour lines. A rigid box is assembled by hand; a folding carton ships flat. That difference shows up in the unit price.
Labour
6
Freight & duties
Cartons are bulky, so shipping is charged on volume rather than weight. Sea freight is cheapest per unit but slowest; air and express cost more. Duty and tax depend on the destination and the terms you choose.
Landed cost